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System Prompt

The instruction layer sent before any user message that controls how an AI model behaves across the entire conversation.

Full Definition

The system prompt is a special message — separated from the user conversation — that establishes the model's identity, behavioural guidelines, knowledge constraints, tone, and any application-specific rules. It is processed before user messages and typically carries higher weight in the model's attention. System prompts are the primary mechanism by which developers customise a general-purpose model for a specific product: a customer service bot, a coding assistant, or a creative writing tool. They can range from one sentence to thousands of tokens. Because system prompts often contain proprietary instructions, protecting them from prompt injection and extraction is a key security concern.

Examples

1

'You are Aria, a helpful assistant for AcmeCorp. Always respond in English. Never discuss competitor products. If asked about pricing, direct users to /pricing.'

2

A multi-paragraph system prompt for a medical information tool that defines the assistant's role, disclaimers, citation requirements, and out-of-scope topics.

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Related guides

What is Prompt Engineering?How to Use Role in AI PromptsHow to Add Context to AI PromptsDefining the Task in Your AI Prompt

Related Terms

Prompt

The input text sent to an AI model to elicit a specific response or behaviour.

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Role Prompting

Assigning the model a persona or expert identity to shape the style and depth of

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Instruction Prompting

Directly telling the model what to do using clear imperative commands.

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